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同位语从句3篇

时间:2023-01-16 15:15:07 来源:文池范文网

同位语从句1  1、Shehasntmadethedecisionwhethersheshouldgiveup.  她还没决定她是否应当放下。  2、Ihavenoideawhathashappe下面是小编为大家整理的同位语从句3篇,供大家参考。

同位语从句3篇

同位语从句1

  1、She hasn"t made the decision whether she should give up.

  她还没决定她是否应当放下。

  2、I have no idea what has happened to him.

  我不明白他发生了什么事。

  3、There was no doubt that he is honest man.

  毫无疑问他是诚实的人。

  4、You have no idea how worried I was.

  你不明白我当时有多担忧。

  5、I have no idea why he resigned.

  我不明白他为何辞职。

  6、I have no idea when he will be back.

  我不明白他什么时候会回来。

同位语从句2

  一、同位语从句的引导词

  引导同位语从句的词语通常有连词that,whether,连接代词和连接副词等。

  1、由whether引导

  There is some doubt whether he will e. 他是否会来还不必须。

  Answer my question whether you are ing. 你回答我的问题:你来不来。

  The question whether it is right or wrong depends on the result. 这个是对还是错要看结果。

  We are not investigating the question whether he is trustworthy. 我们不是在调查他是否能够信任的问题。

  【注意】whether 可引导同位语从句,但if不能引导同位语从句。

  2、由that引导

  We heard the news that our team had won. 我们听到消息说我们队赢了。

  They were worried over the fact that you were sick. 他们为你生病发愁。

  The news that we are having a holiday tomorrow is not true. 明天放假的消息不实。

  I’ve e to the conclusion that it was unwise to do that. 我得出结论这样做是不明智的。

  The fact that the money has gone does not mean it was stolen. 那笔钱不见了这一事实并不意味着是被偷了。

  He referred to Copernicus’ statement that the earth moves round the sun. 他提到了*关于地球绕太阳转的说法。

  【注意1】在某些名词(如demand, wish, suggestion, resolution等)后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气。如:

  They were faced with the demand that this tax be abolished. 他们应对废除这个税的要求。

  They expressed the wish that she accept the award. 他们表示期望她理解这笔奖金。

  There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team. 有一项提议是布朗应当离队。

  The suggestion that the new rule be adopted came from the chairman. 采纳新规则的提议是*提出的。

  The resolution that women be allowed to join the society was carried. 允许妇女参加这个协会的决议经过了。

  I can understand their eagerness that you should be the main speaker. 我理解他们期望你作主要发言人的殷切心境。

  【注意2】引导同位语从句的连词that通常不省略,但在非正式文体中也能够省去。如:

  He gabbed his suitcase and gave the impression he was boarding the Tokyo plane.他拿起了手提箱,给人的印象是他要登上飞往东京的飞机了。

  3、由连接副词引导

  I have no idea when he will e back. 我不明白他什么时候回来。

  It is a question how he did it. 那是一个他如何做的问题。

  He had no idea why she left. 他不明白她为什么离开。

  You have no idea how worried I was! 你不明白我多着急!

  4、由连接代词引导

  Have you any idea what time it starts? 你明白什么时候开始吗?

  From 1985-90 I was an instructor at the regional party headquarters. After that I went back to work in a factory. Then I had no idea what a casino was. 从1985年到1990年我是地方党部的教员。随后我回到一家工厂工作。当时我不明白赌场是什么样的地方。

  二、关于分离同位语从句

  有时同位语从句能够和同位的名词分开。如:

  The story goes that he beats his wife. 传说他打老婆。

  The news got about that he had won a car in the lottery. 消息传开说他中彩得了一辆汽车。

  The rumour spread that a new school would be built here. 谣传那里要盖一所新学校。

  Report has it that the Smiths are leaving town. 有传言说史密斯一家要离开这座城市。

  The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city. 他想到可能敌人已逃离这座城市。

  The order soon came that all citizens should evacuate the village. 不久命令下来,所有居民都必须撤出村子。(G31)

  二、同位语从句与定语从句的区别

  1、意义的不一样

  同位语从句是用于说明所修饰名词的具体资料的,它与被修饰词语通常能够划等号;而定语从句是限制所修饰名词的,它的`作用是将所修饰的名词与其他类似的东西区别开来:

  We are glad at the news that he will e. 听到他要来这个消息我们很高兴。(news的资料就是that he will e,故that引导的是同位语从句)

  We are glad at the news that he told us. 听到他告诉我们的这个消息我们很高兴。(that从句是限制the news的资料的,即我们高兴只是因为他告诉的这个news而不是其他的news,故that从句为定语从句)

  2、引导词的功能上的不一样

  that引导同位语从句时,它不充当句子成分,而引导定语从句时,它作为关系代词,要么充当定语从句的主语,要么充当定语从句的宾语。如上例 that he told us中的that就充当told的宾语。

  3、引导词的不一样

  what, how, if, whatever 等可引导名词性从句,但不引导定语从句。

  4、被修饰词语的区别

  同位语从句所修饰的名词比较有限,通常有hope, wish, idea, news, fact, promise, opinion, suggestion, truth等,而定语从句所修饰的名词则十分广泛。 另外,when和where 引导定语从句时,通常只修饰表示时光和地点的名词,而它们引导同位语从句时却不必须;又如why引导定语从句,它通常只修饰名词the reason,而它引导同位语从句时则不必须:

  We don’t understand the problem why this is the best choice. 我们不明白这个问题,为什么这是最好的选择。(同位语从句 )

  The reason why he didn’t e to the meeting is that he is ill. 他未能来开会,原因是他生病了。(定语从句)

  I have no idea when they will e . 我不明白他们什么时候来.(同位语从句)

  I’ll never forget the days when I lived there. 我永远不会忘记我住在那儿的日子。(定语从句)


同位语从句3篇扩展阅读


同位语从句3篇(扩展1)

——同位语从句例句3篇

同位语从句例句1

  同位语从句,指的是在复合句中充当同位语的从句,属于名词性从句的范畴,同位语从句用来对其前面的抽象名词进行解释说明,被解释说明的词和同位语在逻辑上是主表关系(即被解释说明的词=同位语)。

同位语从句例句2

  1、She hasn"t made the decision whether she should give up.她还没决定她是否应当放下。

  2、I have no idea what has happened to him.我不明白他发生了什么事。

  3、There was no doubt that he is honest man.毫无疑问他是诚实的人。

  4、You have no idea how worried I was.你不明白我当时有多担忧。

  5、I have no idea why he resigned.我不明白他为何辞职。

  6、I have no idea when he will be back.我不明白他什么时候会回来。

同位语从句例句3

  同位语的从句与先行词等同或同位,其先行词为:advice,indication,assumption,agreement,danger,fact,news,idea,thought,question,problem,

  re*,report,remark,word,information,promise,reason,answer,doubt, discovery,fear,message,proposal, story,theory,request,

  truth,opinion,hope,suggestion,conclusion,order,decision,

  possibility等抽象名词。关联词常用that,偶尔whether用引导,有时结合语意也可用疑问代词who,which,what和疑问副词where, when,why,how等引导。例如:

  1、They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick。

  2、Where did you get the idea that I could not e?

  3、Early in the day came the news that Germany had declared war on Russia。

  4、There is a real danger that Oxford will not retain its world position。

  5、Several years later,word came that Napoleon himself was ing to inspect them.

  几年以后,有消息传来说拿破仑要亲自视 察他们。

  6、The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city.

  他突然想起可能敌人已经逃出城了。

  7、There is no doubt that the price of wheat will go up。毫无疑问,小麦的价格将会上涨。(doubt为抽象名词,同位语从句)

  8、The suggestion came from the chairman that the new rule be adopted。采纳新规则的提议是*提出来的。

  9、Chevrons,scientists say,not only give drivers the impression that they are driving faster than they really are but also make a lane appear to be narrower。

  10、There is no agreement whether methodology refers to the concepts peculiar to historical work in general or to the research techniques appropriate to the various branches of historians inquiry。

  所谓方法论是指一般的历史研究中的特有概念,还是指历史探究中各个具体领域适用的研究手段,人们对此意见不一。

  11、I have no idea where I should go。

  12、I have no idea how I can get to the railway station。

  13、We haven"t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation。到哪儿去度暑假,这个问题我们还没有决定。

  14、It si a question how he did it。他如何做了此事,是个问题。

  15、I have no idea when he will be back.我不明白他什么时候回来。

  16、He has solved the problem why the radio was out of order。他解决了收音机为何出故障的问题。(why引导的是同位语从句)


同位语从句3篇(扩展2)

——同位语从句与定语从句有什么区别3篇

同位语从句与定语从句有什么区别1

  一、意义的不同

  同位语从句是用于说明所修饰名词的具体内容的,它与被修饰词语通常可以划等号;而定语从句是限制所修饰名词的,它的作用是将所修饰的名词与其他类似的东西区别开来。如:

  We are glad at the news that he will come. 听到他要来这个消息我们很高兴。(news的内容就是that he will come,故that引导的是同位语从句)

  We are glad at the news that he told us. 听到他告诉我们的这个消息我们很高兴。(that从句是限制the news的内容的,即我们高兴只是因为他告诉的这个news而不是其他的news,故that从句为定语从句)

  二、引导词的不同

  what, how, if, whatever 等可引导名词性从句,但不引导定语从句。

  三、引导词的功能上的不同

  that引导同位语从句时,它不充当句子成分,而引导定语从句时,它作为关系代词,要么充当定语从句的主语,要么充当定语从句的.宾语。如上例 that he told us中的that就充当told的宾语。

  四、被修饰词语的区别

  同位语从句所修饰的名词比较有限,通常有hope, wish, idea, news, fact, promise, opinion, suggestion, truth等,而定语从句所修饰的名词则非常广泛。另外,when和where 引导定语从句时,通常只修饰表示时间和地点的名词,而它们引导同位语从句时却不一定;又如why引导定语从句,它通常只修饰名词the reason,而它引导同位语从句时则不一定。如:

  I have no idea when they will come . 我不知道他们什么时候来。(同位语从句)

  I"ll never forget the days when I lived there.. 我永远不会忘记我住在那儿的日子。(定语从句)

  We don"t understand the problem why this is the best choice. 我们不明白这个问题,为什么这是最好的选择。(同位语从句 )

  The reason why he didn"t come to the meeting is that he is ill. 他未能来开会,原因是他生病了。(定语从句)


同位语从句3篇(扩展3)

——英语语法:同位语从句

英语语法:同位语从句1

  1.同位语从句:whether

  whether可以引导同位语从句,而定语从句不能用whether作为引导词。

  He hasn’t made the decision whether he will go there.

  他还没有做出决定是否去那里。

  I have small doubt whether he is suitable for the job.

  他是否适合这件工作我有点怀疑。

  2.同位语从句:that

  些名词的后面可以接that引导的同位语从句:

  We came to the decision that we must act at once. 我们做出决定:我们必须立即行动。

  He made a proposal that the meeting be postpone. 他提议会议延期。

  There was little hope that he would survive. 他幸存的希望很小。

  在非正式语体中that可以省略。

  以下名词常用于以上句型:

  advice, announcement, argument, belief, claim, conclusion, decision, evidence, explanation, fact, feeling, hope, idea, impression, information, knowledge, message, news, opinion, order, probability, promise, proposal, remark, re*, report, saying, statement, suggestion, thought, treat, warning, wish, word

  3.同位语从句:what

  what可以引导同位语从句,而定语从句不能用what作为引导词

  I have no idea what he is doing now. 我不知道他现在在干什么。

  4.同位语从句:how

  how可以引导同位语从句,而定语从句不能用how作为引导词

  It’s a question how he did it. 那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。

  5.同位语从句:who等

  who, whom, which, when, where, why用来引导同位语从句

  The question who should do the work requires consideration.

  谁该干这项工作,这个问题需要考虑。

  She raised the question where we could get the fund.

  她提出这个问题:我们到哪儿去搞这笔资金。

  6.同位语从句和定语从句的区别

  1)同位语从句和先行词是同等的关系;而定语从句是用来修饰先行词,是从属的关系。

  2)that在同位语从句中没有词义,不充当句子成分;而在定语从句中充当主语、宾语等句子成分。

  3)whether, what, how可以用来引导同位语从句;而它们不能用来引导定语从句。

  4)1. 从词义角度看问题

  who, whom, which, when, where, why用来引导同位语从句是保持原来疑问词的含义;它们用来引导定语从句时,不具有疑问词的含义。

  2.从搭配角度看问题

  who, whom, which, when, where, why用来引导定语从句时对应性很强,如:先行词是“人”,引导词用“who”等,而它们引导同位语从句是先行词通常是“question, idea, doubt等”。

  英语语法—从句—状语从句

  1.状语从句在句子中起状语作用的从句叫做状语从句。状语从句由从属连词引导。状语从句可分为:

  时间状语从句:

  When Susan goes to town, she will visit her grandma.

  苏珊每次进程,总要去看望她奶奶。

  地点状语从句:

  I will go where I am needed. 哪里需要我,我就到哪里去。

  方式状语从句:

  I have changed it as you suggest. 我已经按照你的建议作了改变。

  原因状语从句:

  Mary didn’t go shopping because I advised her not to.

  玛丽没有去购物,因为我劝她不要去。

  目的状语从句:

  They worked hard in order that they might succeed.

  他们努力工作,以便能够获得成功。

  结果状语从句:

  Waste must be treated so that it does not become a danger to life.

  废物必须进行处理,这样它才不会成为危害生命的东西。

  条件状语从句:

  If he works hard, he will surely succeed. 如果努力工作,他肯定会成功。

  让步状语从句:

  Though we are all different, we need never be separate.

  比较状语从句:

  I was happier than I had ever been in my life. 这是我一生中最快乐的时光。

  2.时间状语从句:after

  时间状语从句由下列连词引导:After, as, before, once, since, till, until, when, whenever, while, as soon as

  Let"s wait till the rain stops. 咱们等到雨停再说吧。

  Once the train is moving, there"s no way to stop it.

  火车一旦开动就没办法让它停下来。

  They were scolded whenever they were late for school. 每次他们上学迟到都挨骂。

  3.时间状语从句:the moment

  有一些表示时间的名词短语也可用来引导时间状语从句:The minute, the moment, every time, the first time

  The moment he reached the country, he started his search.

  他一到达这个国家,就开始他的探寻工作。

  Every time I saw the straw hat, it reminded me of the tour I made years before.

  每当我看到那顶草帽,它就使我想起几年前的那次旅游。

  I thought her nice and honest the first time I met her。

  我第一次见到她就觉得她诚实而友善。

  4.时间状语从句:directly

  有一些表示时间的副词也可用来引导时间状语从句:

  Directly the master came in, everyone was quiet. 校长一进来, 大家就安静下来。

  The young lady rushed into the room immediately she heard the noise.

  那位年轻女士一听到响声就冲进房间。

  5.时间状语从句:as的用法

  1).某事一发生,另一事立即发生

  As the sun rose the frog dispersed. 太阳一出来雾就消散。

  They strolled into the garden as the music ceased. 音乐声一停,他们就走进花园。

  2).在某事发生的过程中另一事发生

  I heard the murmur of their voices as I crossed the hall. 我走过大厅的时候听到他们在嘀咕什么。(两个动作都是一般时态)

  Just as he was speaking there was a loud explosion. 正当他在说话的时候,一声巨响。

  (从句用进行时态)

  3).两个动作同时发生

  He smiled as he passed. 他路过的时候笑了一下。(两个都是短暂动作)

  As she sang, the tears ran down her cheeks. 她一边唱歌,眼泪一边从脸颊淌下。

  Helen heard the story as she washed. 海伦一边洗衣服一边听故事。

  He saw that she was smiling as she read.

  他看到她一边看着书一边笑。(两个都是延续性动作)

  We get wiser as we get older.

  我们随着年龄的增长而变得聪明起来。(随着时间的变化而变化)

  6.时间状语从句:when的用法

  以when引导的时间状语从句中,既可用短暂性动作也可用延续性动作。

  I bought the car when I received my first salary.(短暂性动作)我是在领第一笔薪水的时候买的车。

  Don"t get excited when you talk.(延续性动作)说话的时候不要激动。

  7.when 容易与时间状语从句混淆的例子

  请注意:此项中when引导的都不是时间状语从句。

  She had just finished dressing when her guests came in.

  她刚刚穿戴完毕,这时她的客人进来了。

  这里的when不是从属连词,而是并列连词。所以它引导的是并列句。像这类问题有以下主要特征:

  when 后面的分句动词必须是瞬间动词,用于表示突然性:

  We were about to start when it began to rain.正当我们要出发的时候,突然下雨了。

  1).when 前面的分句是过去进行时:

  He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came in.

  他正笑着,突然门开了,他的妻子走了进来。

  2).when 前面的分句含有be about to, be on the point of:

  He was on the point of leaving when someone knocked at the door.

  他正要出发的时候,突然有人敲门。

  3).when 前面的分句采用过去完成时或是过去完成进行时:

  We had just fallen asleep when the telephone rang.

  我们刚刚入睡,突然电话铃声响了。

  The plane had been planting seed for nearly a month when it began to rain.

  飞机播种了近一个月,这时天才下雨。

  8.时间状语从句:while的用法

  以while引导的时间状语从句中,只能用延续性动作。

  They arrived while I was sunbathing. 当我正在进行日光浴时,他们来了。

  While the discussion was still going on, Mr. Zhang came in.

  当讨论还在进行的时候,张先生进来了。

  9.原因状语从句

  because, as, since, 用来引导原因状语从句。for虽然也是表示原因,但是它不是从属连词,而是并列连词。

  because 表示最强的因果关系,表达听话者未知的原因,because引导的从句通常放在后面,表示强调时也可放在前面。because引导的从句可以用来回答Why引起的特殊疑问句。

  He got the job because he was the best candidate.

  他得到那份工作,因为他是最佳人选。

  “Why can’t I go?”“Because you are too young.”

  为什么我不能去?因为你年纪太小。

  as 所表示的原因通常是听话者已经知道的。因而它不是句子的中心。不能用来回答Why引起的特殊疑问句。

  As all the seats were full, he stood up. 由于所有的座位都满了,他只好站着。

  Perhaps she’ll need some help, especially as she’s been ill.

  她可能需要帮助,尤其是因为她一直有病。

  since所表示的原因通常也是听话者已经知道的。同样since也不能用来回答Why引起的特殊疑问句。

  Since you are going, I will go too. 既然你要去,我也去吧。

  for 从语法分析的角度来说,它不是引导状语从句,而是构成一个并列句。 for 通常用于书面语,它通常不表示因果关系,而是对前面的分句进行补充说明。for-分句通常放在句末,for 之前有逗号。

  He laughed little, for he was a sad man. 他很少发笑,因为他是个多愁的人。

  She was clearly upset, for her eyes were filled with tears.

  她显然心烦意乱,因为她眼眶里饱含泪水。

  10.地点状语从句

  地点状语从句通常由where,wherever引导。

  Where he made mistakes, he admitted these willingly.

  他在什么地方做错了事,他都乐于承认这些错误。

  Put it where we can see it. 把它放在我们能看得见的地方。

  Let’s go wherever this path will take us.

  我们就顺着这条小路走,走到哪儿就算哪儿。

  英语语法—从句—定语从句

  1.定语从句在句子中作定语,用来修饰一个名词、名词词组或者代词

  2.先行词和引导词

  被修饰的名词、名词词组或代词叫做先行词;在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫做引导词。引导词语可分为“关系代词”和“关系副词”。

  3.关系代词和关系副词

  关系代词有:who, whom, whose, that, which, as。关系副词有:when, where, why。

  <注意:关系副词里面没有how。如果要修饰方式,用that或in which引导,或者不用引导词。

  I don’t like the way (that, in which) he eyed me. 我不喜欢他看我的那个样子。

  4.关系代词:who

  关系动词who在从句中主要作为主语,在非正式语体里who还可以作从句中的宾语。

  He is the man who wants to see you. 他就是想要见你的那个人。(who在句中作为主语)

  Succeed will come to him who is honest and diligent. 成功将归于诚实而勤奋的人。

  5.关系代词:whom

  He is the man whom I saw in the park yesterday.

  他就是我昨天在公园里见到的那个人。(whom在从句中作宾语)

  作宾语用的引导词可以省略,因此上面的句子可以改写如下:He is the man I saw in the park yesterday.

  6.关系代词:whose用来指人或物(只能用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换)。

  They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.

  那人车坏了,他们跑过去帮忙。

  Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。

  7.关系代词:which(1)

  which指物,在从句中作为主语或宾语,作宾语时在非正式语体中可以省略。

  They needed a plant which didn"t need as much water as rice.

  他们需要一种不像水稻那么需要水的作物。(主语)

  The farm (which) we visited yesterday is located in the suburb of Beijing.

  我们昨天参观的农场位于北京郊区。(作宾语,可省略。)

  8.关系代词:which(2)

  当在which和that面前进行选择的情况下,一下情况要选which:

  1).在非限制性定语从句中通常用which作引导词,而不能用that做非限制性定语从句的引导词。

  2). 修饰整个主句。

  I never met Julia again after that, which was a pity.

  从那以后我再也没有见到朱莉叶,真是遗憾。

  3). 修饰谓语部分。

  He can swim in the river, which I cannot. 他会在河里游泳,那正是我不会的。

  4). 介词 + which

  They are all questions to which there are no answers. 那些问题都是无头公案。

  9.关系代词:that(1)

  that多用来指物,有时也可以用来指人;在从句中作主语或宾语。

  指物的时候多用that,也可用which。

  It’s a question that (which) needs careful consideration.

  这是一个需要仔细考虑的问题。(指物,作为主语。)

  Who is the man that is reading a magazine under the tree?

  树下那个在看杂志的那个人是谁?(指人,作为主语。)

  The girl (that) we saw yesterday is Tom’s sister.

  我们昨天看到的那个女孩是汤姆的妹妹。(指人,作宾语,可省略。)

  10.关系代词:that(2)

  在以下的情况中,只能用that作引导词,而不能用which作引导词。

  1). 先行词为all , everything, anything, nothing, little等不定代词时。

  All that she lacked was training. 她所缺少的是训练。

  everything等为先行词时,引导词可以省略。

  Have you everything you need? 你要的东西都有了吗?

  Is there anything I can do for you? 有什么事要我做吗?

  All you have to do is to press the button. 你所要做的就是按一下电钮。

  2). 先行词被形容词最高级修饰时

  This is the best film that I have ever seen. 这是我看过的电影中最好的一部。

  3). 先行词被序数词和the last修饰时

  4). 先行词中既有人又有物时

  They talked about the teachers and the schools that they had visited.

  他们谈论他们参观过的那些学校和老师们。

  5). 主句是含有who或which的特殊疑问句,为了避免重复时

  英语语法—从句—表语从句

  1.在句子中起表语作用的从句叫做表语从句。表语从句的引导词和主语从句的"引导词相同。

  What the police want to know is when you entered the room.

  警察想知道的是你什么时候进的房间。

  The trouble is that we are short of funds. 困难是我们缺乏资金。

  That"s why I want you to work there. 那就是我要你在那儿工作的原因。

  His first question was whether Mr. Smith had arrived yet.

  他的第一个问题是史密斯先生到了没有。

  as if, as though, because也可用来引导表语从句。

  She seems as if she had done a great thing. 她看起来好像做了一件大事。

  It is because you eat too much. 那是因为你吃得太多了。

  2.虚拟语气:表语从句

  主语是idea, notion, proposal, suggestion, request等名词时, 作表语从句的动词为原形动词或should+原形动词。

  My suggestion is that we (should) go and help him. 我的建议是我们应该去帮助他。

  Our only request is that this should be settled as soon as possible.

  我们唯一的请求就是尽快解决这个问题。

  英语语法—从句—宾语从句

  1.在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句的引导词和主语从句的引导词相同。宾语从句可以作及物动词的宾语,作短语动词的宾语,介词的宾语。

  2.宾语从句:短语动词

  Please go and find out when the train will arrive. 请去弄清楚火车什么时候到。

  His teacher pointed out that Tom hadn"t studied hard enough.

  老师指出汤姆学习不够努力。

  That depends on how you do it. 那得看你怎么做的。

  3.宾语从句:及物动词

  Everybody knows that money doesn"t grow on trees. 谁都知道钱不是长在树上。

  Have you decided where you will go for a holiday? 你有没有决定到什么地方去度假?

  4.宾语从句:介词的宾语

  I am curious as to what they are going to do next.

  我对他们下一步打算做什么很感兴趣。

  The twin sisters differ only in that one is a bit fatter than the other one.

  这对双胞胎姐妹的区别,仅仅在于其中一个比另一个稍胖一点。

  I am interested in what she is doing. 我对她做的事感兴趣。

  5.宾语从句:否定的转移

  有些表示思想和感情的动词之后的宾语从句中的否定式可以注意到这些动词之前。

  I don"t suppose you"re used to this diet. = I suppose you aren"t used to this diet.

  我想你不习惯这种饮食。

  I didn"t expect she would pass the entrance examination. = I expected she wouldn"t pass the entrance examination. 我以为她不能通过入学考试。

  6.虚拟语气:宾语从句

  一些含有假设、猜想、建议等意思的动词后面的宾语从句要用should+原形动词结构,should往往可以省略。这类动词有: advice, arrange, command, demand, desire, insist, order, propose, require, request, suggest等。

  I suggested that he study harder. 我建议他用功一些。(这一题要特别注意:为什么study用原形。)

  I insisted that he (should) go. 我强调他应当去。

  7.宾语从句的省略

  引导宾语从句的that之后接的从句不长时,可以省略。如果that后面的宾语从句较长时,that不能省略。

  I hope (that) you"ll be fine soon. 我希望你尽快康复。

  英语语法—从句—主语从句

  1.以what等连接代词引导的主语从句

  What you need is more practice. 你需要的是更多的练习。

  Whoever wants it may have it. 谁要都可以给他。

  同类的连接代词还有:What, who, whom, whose, which, whatever, whoever, whichever

  2.以that, whether从属连词引导的主语从句

  It was strange that he had made a mistake. 真奇怪,他竟然错了。

  That we need more equipment is quite obvious. 我们需要更多的设备,这是很明显的。

  Whether he will join us won"t make too much difference.

  他是否加入我们,没有太大的差别。

  3.主语从句的引导词that什么时候可以省略

  当主语从句不太长时,引导词“that”可以省略

  It"s clear (that) he has done his best. 很明显他已经尽力而为了。

  It"s a wonder (that) he didn"t fail. 真奇怪,他没有失败。

  4.以when等连接副词引导的主语从句

  When they will come hasn"t been made public. 他们什么时候来还没有公布。

  Where she has gone is not known yet. 她去了哪儿,还不知道。

  Why he did it will remain a puzzle for ever. 为什么他做那件事将永远是个谜团。

  5.虚拟语气:主语从句

  形容词为necessary, important, impossible, strange, natural, essential时,在“It + be + 形容词或过去分词 + 主语从句”中,主语从句要虚拟。

  It is necessary that the problem (should) be discussed at once.

  立刻讨论这个问题很有必要。

  It is strange that he (should) have so many friends. 太奇怪了,他有那么多的朋友。

  6.主语从句与强调句的区别

  注意事项:

  1). 在主语从句中,把It was … that去掉之后,就已经完全不像一个句子了。

  2). 在强调句中,把It was … that去掉之后,还基本上像个句子。

  3). 主语从句有以下的引导词:what, who, whom, whose, which, whatever, whoever, whichever

  4). 强调句的引导词只有:that, who。

  主语从句:

  It was strange that he had made a mistake. 如果把,It was … that 去掉以后,剩下strange he had made a mistake.就不算是句子了。

  It is immaterial where or when he goes. 他去何处或者何时去是无关紧要的。

  <

  It is said that he’s got married. 听说他已经结婚了。

  强调句:

  It was she that had been wrong. 错的是她。(强调主语)如果把,It was … that 去掉以后,剩下she had been wrong.还勉强算的上是一个句子。

  It was this novel that they talked about last night. 他们昨晚谈论的是这部小说。(强调宾语)

  It was in London that I first saw her. 我是在伦敦第一次见到她的。(强调地点状语)


同位语从句3篇(扩展4)

——while引导的从句分析3篇

while引导的从句分析1

  while引导的状语从句 注意:(1)注意while的不同含义:a. 表示时间,“当??时;在??同时”;b. 表示让步,“虽然;尽管”;c. 表示转折对比,“然而;但”。(2)while引导的状语从句用一般现在时表示将来的动作或状态。⑦

  Eg. While I understand your opinion, I don’t agree with you.

  While it’s winter here in our country right now, it’s summer in South Africa. when引导的句子:

  when作连词时,主要义项有:(1)在那时,突然??;

  Eg. He was about to tell me the secret when someone patted him on the should.

  (2)当??时候;(3)刚(一)??就??;

  Eg. I’ll go to see you when you come back.

  (4)如果(同if);

  Eg. Call me at once when anything goes wrong with the machine.

  (5)可是,虽然;

  Eg. She usually walks when she might ride.

  (6)既然(同since)

  Eg. Why did you write with a pencil when you know you should write in ink?


同位语从句3篇(扩展5)

——同位的作文3篇

同位的作文1

  9月1日,太阳高挂在天空上,发出耀眼的光芒,在一片吵闹中我找到了我的新班级。幸运的我遇到这个世界上最暖的同位。此后,他丰富了我原本每天*淡的生活。

  我的暖男同位,他有着一双永远都没睡醒状态的眼睛,瘦小的脸上呈现出“旧社会”的样子,脸上永远挂着一堆呆呆的,懵懂的小表情。无论多好笑的事情,他都嘿嘿一笑而过,智商有待提高的他时不时的会在课堂上瞎起哄,脾气好的他,被我们称为“*好男人”,他暖男的性格,让他在班里的人缘极好。

  刁蛮任性的我仗着他的脾气好,每天找他的茬,每天欺负他,可是他却在一天天的包容着我,为我记作业,整理书包,为我抄题,跟我开玩笑,与我玩游戏,他做的每一件事都让我感动,同时又让我愧疚,认识到错误的我,慢慢和他熟悉起来,无事不说,无话不讲,我每天的生活都从枯燥无味变成可口可乐。可是,这种日子并没有度过太长。那一天,我的心情一直很低沉,而且一直在想若有一天我们换位,我会怎么做,也许是上天暗示,下午,班主任在班会上叫我们换位了,当我听到的一刹那间,我想哭的心都有,不知为何,我已依赖上了这个为我记作业,为我拿书包,为我抄题的,陪我聊天的同位了。

  太阳依旧每天都高高的挂在天空,给我们带来了温暖,可是,身边的同位也在不是那个暖男的同位了,此时,又想到了我们还是同位时的阳光灿烂的日子,那时的太阳,比现在要温暖好多,那时的天气也比现在晴朗好多,那关于我们点点滴滴的事情一幕幕浮现在脑海,嘴角已不自觉扬起。

  当多年后的`我记起这段回忆时,若他在我身边,我一定告诉他,他是我遇到的世界上最暖心,最好的同位了。多年后,我一定会因为拥有这个同位而骄傲!

  同位与你走过的日子,永远珍藏在我心中最深处。也许当多年后的你想起有过我这个刁蛮任性的同位时,会摇着头无奈的嘿嘿一笑吧!


同位语从句3篇(扩展6)

——定语从句的翻译方法3篇

定语从句的翻译方法1

  定语从句的翻译方法

  众所周知,英语句子按照其结构可分为三大类:简单句、并列句和主从复合句。而主从复合句中的定语从句又是考研英语翻译中的一个重点和难点。如果能掌握定语从句的翻译技巧,对广大考生将大有裨益。

  英语中的定语有两种:前置定语和后置定语。而无论是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句都是后置定语。限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的主要区别在于限制意义的强弱之分。然而,在汉语中定语作为修饰语通常在其修饰词前面,并且没有限制意义的强弱之分。海天考研英语李波老师告诉我们,限制与非限制在翻译成汉语中并不起十分重要的作用。英语中定语从句的往往非常复杂,而我们翻译成汉语中的定语不宜太过复杂臃肿。所以,我们在翻译定语从句时一定要考虑汉语的表达习惯。李波老师说为了更好的处理考研英语翻译中的定语从句的翻译,下面浅谈几种翻译技巧:

  第一、前置翻译法:把定语从句翻译到所修饰的先行词前面,可以用“的”来连接。但前置翻译法往往适用于较短的定语。

  如:

  Yao Ming is a basketball player who is ver great.

  姚明是一名非常伟大的运动员。

  He who has never tasted what is bitter does not know what is sweet.

  没有吃过苦的人不知道什么是甜。

  Space and oceans are the new world which scientists are trying to explore.

  太空和海洋是科学家们努力探索的新领域。

  His laughter,which was infectious,broke the silence.

  他那富有感染力的笑声打破了沉寂。

  第二、后置翻译法:把定语从句翻译在所修饰的先行词后面,翻译为并列分句。其中对于先行词的处理有两种:

  1. 重复先行词。

  如:

  I told the story to John,who told it to his brother.

  他把这件事告诉了约翰,约翰又告诉了他的弟弟。

  We wish to express our satisfaction at this to the Special Commi*,whose activities deserve to be encouraged.

  在我们对特别委员会表示满意,特别委员会的工作应该受到鼓励。

  Although he lacks experience,he has enterprise and creativity,which are decisive in achieving success in the area.

  他虽然经验不足,但很有进取心和创造力,而这正是在这一领域获得成功的关键。

  2. 省略先行词。

  They worked out a new method by which production has now been rapidly increased.

  他们制定出一种新方案,采用之后生产已迅速得到提高。

  第三、融合翻译法:所谓融合,即把定语从句和它所修饰的先行词结合在一起翻译。把定语从句翻译成汉语后其定语的作用已经不明显或完全消失。

  如:

  There is a man downstairs who wants to see you.

  楼下有人要见你。

  In our factory,there are many people who are much interested in the new invention.

  在我们工厂里,许多人对这项新发明很感兴趣。

  We used a plane of which almost every part carried some indication of national identity.

  我们驾驶的飞机几乎每一个部件都有一些国籍标志

  She had a balance at her banker‘s which would have made her beloved anywhere.

  她在银行里的存款足以使她到处受到欢迎

  第四、定语译成状语翻译法

  1. 译成时间状语

  如:

  A driver who is driving the bus mustn‘t talk with others or be absent-minded.

  司机在开车时,不许和人谈话,也不能走神。

  2. 译成原因状语

  如:

  He showed no further wish for conversation with Mrs. Smith,who was now more than usually insolent and disagreeable.

  他似乎不愿再和史密斯太太讲话,因为她现在异常无礼,令人厌烦。

  3. 译成条件状语

  如:

  Men become desperate for work, any work,which will help them to keep alive their families.

  人们极其迫切地要求工作,不管什么工作,只要它能维持一家人的生活就行。

  4. 译成让步状语

  如:

  He insisted on buying another house,which he had no use for。

  尽管他并没有这样的需要,他坚持要再买一幢房子,。

  5.译成目的状语

  如:

  He wishes to write an article that will attract the public attention to the matter.

  为了引起公众对这一事件的注意,他想写一篇文章。

  He is collecting authentic material that proves his argument.

  为了证明他的论点,他正在收集确凿的材料以。

  6. 译成结果状语

  如:

  They tried to stamp out the revolt,which spread all the more furiously throughout the country.

  他们企图镇压反抗,结果反抗愈来愈烈,遍及全国。

  综上,浅谈了定语从句的四种翻译处理技巧:前置翻译法、后置翻译法、融合翻译法和状语翻译法。纵观历年的考研英语翻译实践中,后置翻译法和状语翻译法用得比较多。李波老师希望以上的浅析能够在考研复习中对同学们有所帮助。

定语从句的翻译方法2

  定语从句的翻译方法

  众所周知,英语句子按照其结构可分为三大类:简单句、并列句和主从复合句。而主从复合句中的定语从句又是考研英语翻译中的一个重点和难点。如果能掌握定语从句的翻译技巧,对广大考生将大有裨益。

  英语中的定语有两种:前置定语和后置定语。而无论是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句都是后置定语。限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的主要区别在于限制意义的强弱之分。然而,在汉语中定语作为修饰语通常在其修饰词前面,并且没有限制意义的强弱之分。海天考研英语李波老师告诉我们,限制与非限制在翻译成汉语中并不起十分重要的作用。英语中定语从句的往往非常复杂,而我们翻译成汉语中的定语不宜太过复杂臃肿。所以,我们在翻译定语从句时一定要考虑汉语的表达习惯。李波老师说为了更好的处理考研英语翻译中的定语从句的翻译,下面浅谈几种翻译技巧:

  第一、前置翻译法:把定语从句翻译到所修饰的先行词前面,可以用“的”来连接。但前置翻译法往往适用于较短的定语。

  如:

  Yao Ming is a basketball player who is ver great.

  姚明是一名非常伟大的运动员。

  He who has never tasted what is bitter does not know what is sweet.

  没有吃过苦的人不知道什么是甜。

  Space and oceans are the new world which scientists are trying to explore.

  太空和海洋是科学家们努力探索的新领域。

  His laughter,which was infectious,broke the silence.

  他那富有感染力的笑声打破了沉寂。

  第二、后置翻译法:把定语从句翻译在所修饰的先行词后面,翻译为并列分句。其中对于先行词的处理有两种:

  1. 重复先行词。

  如:

  I told the story to John,who told it to his brother.

  他把这件事告诉了约翰,约翰又告诉了他的弟弟。

  We wish to express our satisfaction at this to the Special Commi*,whose activities deserve to be encouraged.

  在我们对特别委员会表示满意,特别委员会的工作应该受到鼓励。

  Although he lacks experience,he has enterprise and creativity,which are decisive in achieving success in the area.

  他虽然经验不足,但很有进取心和创造力,而这正是在这一领域获得成功的关键。

  2. 省略先行词。

  They worked out a new method by which production has now been rapidly increased.

  他们制定出一种新方案,采用之后生产已迅速得到提高。

  第三、融合翻译法:所谓融合,即把定语从句和它所修饰的先行词结合在一起翻译。把定语从句翻译成汉语后其定语的作用已经不明显或完全消失。

  如:

  There is a man downstairs who wants to see you.

  楼下有人要见你。

  In our factory,there are many people who are much interested in the new invention.

  在我们工厂里,许多人对这项新发明很感兴趣。

  We used a plane of which almost every part carried some indication of national identity.

  我们驾驶的飞机几乎每一个部件都有一些国籍标志

  She had a balance at her banker‘s which would have made her beloved anywhere.

  她在银行里的存款足以使她到处受到欢迎

  第四、定语译成状语翻译法

  1. 译成时间状语

  如:

  A driver who is driving the bus mustn‘t talk with others or be absent-minded.

  司机在开车时,不许和人谈话,也不能走神。

  2. 译成原因状语

  如:

  He showed no further wish for conversation with Mrs. Smith,who was now more than usually insolent and disagreeable.

  他似乎不愿再和史密斯太太讲话,因为她现在异常无礼,令人厌烦。

  3. 译成条件状语

  如:

  Men become desperate for work, any work,which will help them to keep alive their families.

  人们极其迫切地要求工作,不管什么工作,只要它能维持一家人的生活就行。

  4. 译成让步状语

  如:

  He insisted on buying another house,which he had no use for。

  尽管他并没有这样的需要,他坚持要再买一幢房子,。

  5.译成目的状语

  如:

  He wishes to write an article that will attract the public attention to the matter.

  为了引起公众对这一事件的注意,他想写一篇文章。

  He is collecting authentic material that proves his argument.

  为了证明他的论点,他正在收集确凿的材料以。

  6. 译成结果状语

  如:

  They tried to stamp out the revolt,which spread all the more furiously throughout the country.

  他们企图镇压反抗,结果反抗愈来愈烈,遍及全国。

  综上,浅谈了定语从句的四种翻译处理技巧:前置翻译法、后置翻译法、融合翻译法和状语翻译法。纵观历年的考研英语翻译实践中,后置翻译法和状语翻译法用得比较多。李波老师希望以上的浅析能够在考研复习中对同学们有所帮助。


同位语从句3篇(扩展7)

——定语从句简单讲解3篇

定语从句简单讲解1

  许多英语初学者往往弄不明白为什么引导定语从句的关系词which不能译为“哪一个”,who不能译为“谁”,when不能译为“什么时候”,where不能译为“什么地方”,等等。

  首先,我们必须要明白一点,那就是引导定语从句的which, who, when, where, why等是关系词(关系代词或关系副词),而不是疑问词,所以不能按疑问词的意思来理解。

  前面我们讲到,英语中的定语从句总是后置的,即要放在被修饰名词或代词之后;但在汉语中,定语通常是前置的,也就是说定语要放在被修饰名词的前面,并通常表现为“……的”这样的形式。当我们翻译英语中定语从句的时候,一般可以按汉语习惯,将定语从句翻译在被修饰的名词或代词之前,而其中的关系词一般就是译成汉语中的“……的”。如:

  He showed me the article that he had written.他把他写的文章拿给我看。

  句中的that he had written为修饰名词the article的定语从句,翻译时就可译为“他写的文章”,其中的关系代词that在此译成了“的”字。

  She was not in the train which arrived just now.她不在刚到的那列火车上。

  句中的which arrived just now为修饰名词the train的定语从句,翻译时就可译为“刚才到的那列火车”,其中的关系代词which在此也译成了“的”字。

  Sunday is the day when very few people go to work.星期日是没什么人上班的日子。

  句中的when very few people go to work为修饰名词the day的定语从句,翻译时就可译为“没什么人去上班的日子”,其中的关系副词when在此也译成了“的”字。

  That’s the hotel where we were staying last summer.这就是我们去年夏天住的旅馆。

  句中的when very few people go to work为修饰名词the day的定语从句,翻译时就可译为“没什么人去上班的日子”,其中的关系副词when在此也译成了“的”字。

  Give me one reason why we should help you.给我举出一个我们应当帮助你的理由。

  句中的why we should help you为修饰名词one reason的定语从句,翻译时就可译为“我们应当帮助你的理由”,其中的关系副词why在此也译成了“的”字。

  当然,我们上面介绍的是翻译定语从句最简单同时也是最基本的方法,由于英语句子千变万化,定语从句的表现形式也灵活多样,有些含有定语从句的句子可能用此方法翻译会显得别扭,但只要掌握了这个基本的方法,再加上适当的变通,翻译定语从句也就不难了。


同位语从句3篇(扩展8)

——定语从句who例句3篇

定语从句who例句1

  关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

  1)who, whom, that

  这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中作主语和宾语。例如:

  Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)

  He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)

  2) whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换)。例如:

  They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。

  Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。

  3)which, that所代替的先行词是事物的"名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如:

  A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.

  农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。(which / that在句中作宾语)

  The package (which / that)you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作宾语)

  指人可用that who, 以下情况多用who;

  Those people做先行,There be的结构中;

  例句:

  1) Those who are for the plan, please raise your hands.

  赞成计划的人请举手。

  2) People who create com*r viruses are called hackers.

  制造电脑病毒的人被称为黑客。

  3) There was once a little boy who came to the net bar to play games every night.

  曾经有一个小男孩每天晚上都来网吧玩游戏。

  先行指人不定代,从中做主who要在;

  先行词是指人的不定代词,如 one 、someone 、anyone 、nobody 等词,或指人的关系代词在定语从句中做主语,要用who, 而不用that。

  例句:

  1)Nobody who knows a little scientific knowledge will believe you.

  懂得一点科学知识的人都不会相信你的话。

  解析:nobody是指人的不定代词,用who, 不用that。

  2)The thief who pretended to be a manager was caught stealing a car.

  那个装扮成经理的贼在偷车时被当场抓获。

  解析:who指人,在定语从句中做主语。

  两个定从一起来,不要重复你有才;

  一个先行词有两个定语从句时,关系代词要避免重复使用。

  A plant that can cure diseases, which was known by the ancient Chinese , is called Chinese herbal medicine. 一种能够治病的,被古代*人所熟知的植物,叫做中药。

定语从句who例句2

  1.who指人在从句中做主语

  (1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 在踢足球的男孩们是一班的.

  (2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 昨天,我帮助了一个迷路的老人.

  2. whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常可省略。(注:who和whom已无太大区别,可以通用。)

  (1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked with on the bus. 刘先生就是在公交车上和你聊天的那个人.

  (2) Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see. 凌先生恰巧就是我想见的那个男孩.

  (3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 你刚刚见到的那个人就是我的朋友.

  注意:关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替,可省略。

  如果在从句中做宾语,就用whom或who.比如: He is the man whom/who I talk to. 他就是那个和我聊天的男人.

  如果是在从句中作主语就只能用who.比如: He is the man who has an English book. 他就是那个有英语书的男人.

  3.which指物,在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略

  (1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩都喜欢的游戏.

  (2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天刚买的钢笔.

  4. that指人时,相当于who或者whom;指物时,相当于which。

  在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略。

  (5) The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.

  (6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?

  5. whose通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语

  (1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.

  (2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.whose指物时,常用以下结构来代替

  (3) The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.

  (4) The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.

  (5) Do you like the book whose color is yellow?

  (6) Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?

定语从句who例句3

  关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

  1)who, whom, that

  这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中作主语和宾语。例如:

  Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)

  He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)

  2) whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换)。例如:

  They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。

  Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。

  3)which, that所代替的先行词是事物的"名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如:

  A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.

  农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。(which / that在句中作宾语)

  The package (which / that)you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作宾语)

  指人可用that who, 以下情况多用who;

  Those people做先行,There be的结构中;

  例句:

  1) Those who are for the plan, please raise your hands.

  赞成计划的人请举手。

  2) People who create com*r viruses are called hackers.

  制造电脑病毒的人被称为黑客。

  3) There was once a little boy who came to the net bar to play games every night.

  曾经有一个小男孩每天晚上都来网吧玩游戏。

  先行指人不定代,从中做主who要在;

  先行词是指人的不定代词,如 one 、someone 、anyone 、nobody 等词,或指人的关系代词在定语从句中做主语,要用who, 而不用that。

  例句:

  1)Nobody who knows a little scientific knowledge will believe you.

  懂得一点科学知识的人都不会相信你的话。

  解析:nobody是指人的不定代词,用who, 不用that。

  2)The thief who pretended to be a manager was caught stealing a car.

  那个装扮成经理的贼在偷车时被当场抓获。

  解析:who指人,在定语从句中做主语。

  两个定从一起来,不要重复你有才;

  一个先行词有两个定语从句时,关系代词要避免重复使用。

  A plant that can cure diseases, which was known by the ancient Chinese , is called Chinese herbal medicine. 一种能够治病的,被古代*人所熟知的植物,叫做中药。


同位语从句3篇(扩展9)

——英语学习资料之同位语从句知识点

英语学习资料之同位语从句知识点

  一个名词(或其他形式)对另一个名词或代词进行修饰、限定或说明,这个名词(或其他形式)就是同位语。同位语与被它限定的词的格要一致,并常常紧挨在一起。以下是小编精心整理的英语学习资料之同位语从句知识点,欢迎大家分享。

  在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。同位语从句是名词性从句中的主要从句之一,从句作同位语表示与之同位的名词(短语)的实际内容,它的作用相当于名词,对前面的名词(短语)加以补充说明或进一步解释,相当于一个表语从句,它们之间的关系是同位关系,即主表关系。

  【例1】I have a dream that one day, all roads will be made plain.

  我有一个梦想,有一天,所有道路将变*坦。

  【例2】Museums play a role of education for the simple reason that they provide people with a good opportunity to have a deeper understanding of their own country’s tradition and cultures.

  博物馆在教育中发挥作用,原因很简单,它们为人们提供一个很好的机会,可以更深层次地了解自己国家的传统和文化。

  利用同位语的"方法对简单句进行扩充,迅速“化腐朽为神奇”,提升句子难度,对作文加分很有帮助。

  例如:李先生是个好老师。

  Mr. Li is a good teacher.

  Mr. Li,a man, is a good teacher.

  Mr. Li,a real man, is a good teacher.

  Mr. Li,the realest man all around the world in history,is a good teacher.

  Mr. Li,one of the realest men all around the world in the history,is a good teacher.

  Mr. Li,one of the realest men all around the world in the history that I have ever seen in my life,is a good teacher.

  同位语从句的结构是:一个抽象名词+引导词+一个完整的句子

  同位语从句一般跟在某些名词后面,用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。

  可以跟同位语从句的抽象名词通常有news,idea,fact,promise,question,doubt,thought,hope,message,suggestion,words(消息),possibility等。

  【例句】

  I’ve come from Mr. Wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon.

  我从王老师那儿得知他今天下午不能见你。

  英语中引导同位语从句的词通常有连词that,whether,连接副词how,when,where等。

  【例句】

  I have no idea when he will be back.

  我不知道他什么时候回来。

  注意:有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面,而被别的词隔开。


同位语从句3篇(扩展10)

——考研英语同位语从句和定语从句有哪些区别 (菁选2篇)

考研英语同位语从句和定语从句有哪些区别1

  两种从句的区别主要在以下三方面:

  ▶从词类上区别

  同位语从句前面的名词只能是idea, fact, news, hope, belief, suggestion, proposal, word, thought, doubt, truth, possibility, promise, order等有一定内涵的名词,而定语从句的先行词可以是名词、代词,主句的一部分或是整个主句,如: The possibility that the majority of the labor force will work at home is often discussed.人们经常讨论大多数劳动力将会在家里工作的可能性。(同位语从句)

  Our team has won the game, which made us very happy. 我们的队赢了,这让我们很高兴。(定语从句)

  ▶从性质上区别

  定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制,属于形容词性从句的范畴;而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明和解释,属于名词性从句的范畴,如: The news that our team has won the game was true. 我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。(同位语从句,补充说明news到底是一个什么消息。)

  The news that he told me yesterday was true. 昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。(定语从句,news在从句中作told的宾语。)

  ▶从引导词及其在句子中的成分上区别

  有些引导词如how, whether, what可以引导同位语从句,但不能引导定语从句,如:

  That question whether we need it has not been considered. 我们是否需要它这个问题还没有考虑。(同位语从句)

  引导词that引导定语从句时,在从句中一般做主语或宾语(指物时还可以用which代替),并且作宾语时常常省略,that在同位语从句中仅起连接作用,不充当任何成分,并且不能省略,也不能用which来代替,如:

  The order that we should send a few people to help the other groups was received yesterday. 我们应派几个人去帮别的几个小组的命令昨天收到了。(同位语从句,是对order的具体解释,that虽不作成分,但不能省略。)

  The order that we received yesterday was that we should send a few people to help the other groups. 我们昨天收到的命令是我们应该派几个人去帮助别的几个小组。(定语从句,是名词order的修饰语,that在从句中作received的宾语,可以省略。)

  【真题例句】The issue of whether life ever existed on the planet, and whether it persists to this day, has been highlighted by mounting evidence that the Red Planet once had abundant stable, liquid water and by the continuing controversy over suggestions that bacterial fossils rode to Earth on a meteorite from Mars.

  【解析】句子可拆分为:The issue of //whether life ever existed on the planet, and whether it persists to this day, //has been highlighted //by mounting evidence //that the Red Planet once had abundant stable, liquid water and //by the continuing controversy over suggestions //that bacterial fossils rode to Earth on a meteorite from Mars.

  主句为:The issue of whether life ever existed on the planet, and whether it persists to this day, has been highlighted by… and by…。主句主语的结构为: The issue of whether…and whether…。of 短语修饰the issue, of 短语较长一般译在后面;that the Red Planet…是evidence的同位语从句,(即evidence的具体内容)。that bacterial fossils…是suggestions的同位语从句,说明suggestions的具体内容。)第一个同位语从句可以直接翻译在所修饰词后面。第二个同位语可以放在所修饰的名词前面,充当定语。

  【参考译文】越来越多的证据表明,这个红色行星上曾经有稳定而丰富的液态水,而且人们对从火星落到地球上的细菌化石陨石的说法一直有争论,使火星上是否存在过生命和是否至今仍有生命的问题成为了引人注目的重点。

考研英语同位语从句和定语从句有哪些区别2

  一、复合从句

  在考研中,复合从句中的从句最常见的是定语从句。复合从句可分为简单复合从句和复杂复合从句。本文将分词作状语和定语也归入从句范畴,当作一种更为灵活的从句形式。这种语法处理,并不是从语言学研究角度进行的,而是从教学角度出发做出的从简处理。

  (一)简单复合从句

  简单复合从句可以分为套用从句和并列从句两种。套用从句,其实是最简单的长难句。这类句子就像一根锁链,只要抓住句子的各个连接点,理出句子层次,就完全可以把握住。

  在翻译定语从句时,“这(些/个)”常用来作为拆分句子的必用手段。阅读时,定语从句一般可以跳过,实在不放心可以略读。一般情况下,考研基本上不会在这种从句中有出题点。

  并列从句大致有四种情况:并列从句修饰主语、谓语和宾语。也就是说并列从句一般作定语或状语。其实,并列从句和并列短语在语*能上完全相同,只不过并列从句一般较长,会使考生在阅读中渐忘句子结构。

  并列从句修饰主语,就是说并列从句作状语。这种句子很简单。翻译时,可以直译,把从句作定语,直接放在主语前面。如果从句很长,可以使用复指代词。另外,翻译从句先行词时,要注意词性的转换,比如hope/suggest之类的词有名动两种译法。考生要切忌拘于词性。

  并列从句修饰谓语就是说这些从句作状语。一般情况下,这些从句都不完整,多为现在分词短语和过去分词短语。事实上,现在分词短语和过去分词短语作状语或者定语,都可以看作是从句的一种更加灵活的表达方式。

  并列从句修饰宾语。宾语有两种,一种是单纯宾语,另一种是介宾结构中的准宾语。单纯宾语指在句中作宾语成分;准宾语指在介词后面的宾语。

  并列从句修饰单纯宾语的句子结构很清晰,阅读难度不大,但翻译有些难度。并列从句修饰准宾语的就比较难了。因为后面有很长的介词短语会使考生在阅读中忘记句子前面的意思。

  (二)复杂复合从句

  复杂复合从句,就是说这些句子不是单纯的复合从句。复杂复合从句主要是因为句子中出现省略,插入和倒装等形式,从而加大了句子的难度。这也是考研英语为了加大难度常用的方式。在复杂复合从句中出现的省略一般主要是语法省略,语用省略一般很少。出现插入语,其实是指这些词或短语的插入,使句子语法成分的联系打断,句子的整体性受到冲击,从而影响了句子的理解。复杂复合从句中出现的插入语一般都是分词形式或者介宾结构。翻译时,一般多可以翻为状语,有时也可以翻为定语。出现倒装时,越短的句子越难。因为可以参考的信息很少。这种句子可以先把从句和先行词用一个代词替换,然后进行语序恢复。

  背诵例句:

  1、Many experts suggest that the child raisedin an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his capacity forappropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.

  译文:许多专家认为:如果一个儿童在有许多刺激物的环境里长大,而这些刺激物能够开发其相应的反映能力,那么这个儿童将会有得到更好的智力发展。

  2、How well the prediction will be validatedby later performance depends upon the amount, reliability, and approlpriatenessof the information and on the skill with which it is interpreted.

  译文:这些预测在多大程度上会被后来的表现所证实,这取决于所采用信息的数量、可靠性和适宜性以及解释这些信息的技能。

  3、Immediately the army opened fire, killingfour men and injuring the fifth who later died of his wounds.

  译文:部队突然开了火,打死四人,还有一人受伤。后来此人也因伤势过重死去。

  4、The king, whose power is unlimited, andwhose treasures surmount all real and imaginary wants, is compelled to ease, bythe construction of the Great Wall, the satiety of dominion and tastelessnessof a pyramid ,the satiety of dominion and tastelessness of pleasure.

  译文:那个权力无上、财富无竭的国王,只有通过修筑长城来减轻自己对权力的厌倦和对欢乐的麻木。

  5、Our hope for creative living in this worldhouse that we have inherited lies in our ability to re-establish the moral endsof our lives.

  译文:我们希望富有创造性地生活在我们继承的这个世界中,这种希望存在于我们重新建立道德标准的能力之中。

  6、To us, a winner is one who respondsauthentically by being trustworthy, responsive,andgenuine,both as an individual and as a member of a society.

  译文:在我们看来,成功者不管作为个人还是社会的一份子,他的真实表现都是可靠、灵敏、和真诚。

  二、成分省略

  语言有个节省性原则。成分省略,主要是为了避免重复。一般的成分省略多为主语省略和谓语省略。这种省略属于语法省略。但考研中一般是语用省略,也就是说是为了某中具体的表达目的而采取的省略。成分省略一般和从句相结合,一正一反,使句子变得富有变化和难于把握。但省略句也有一些出现频率很高,因此需要熟记。

  背诵例句:

  1、It is quite unevering not to beable to see or to establish contact with the others ,even though we have learntto talk with people we can not see, as on the telephone.

  译文:即使我们适应了打电话这种看不见对方的交谈方式,这种看不见也触摸不到对方的对话还是让人感到很不自在。

  2、To American, being on ones’sown means that one is a fulling dependent functioning part of the whole capableand willing to make choices.

  译文:对美国人来说,个人的自立就是指这个人在集体中完全独立并且又能发挥作用。他有能力而且也愿意在做出自己的选择。

  3、In their hearts, women think itis men’s business to earn money and theirs to spend it—if possible during theirhunsband‘s live, but, at any rate, after his death.

  译文:女人们从心底认为:挣钱是男人的事情,女人只管话花钱——可能的话丈夫在世时就花;不行的话,那就在丈夫去世后再花。

  4、I can’t accept this fact because I knowthat if I wasn’t able to avoid a mistake, chances were that no other surgeoncould have either.

  译文:我可以接受这个事实,因为我明白如果我都不能避免出错,那么其他的.外科大夫出错也就难免了。

  5、 With strong will, men canmove mountain and fill seas.—and have.

  译文:凭借坚强的意志,人类能够移山填海。而事实上人类已经做到。

  6、The war finally came to an end ,but notbefore hundreds of thousands of people had died.

  译文:战争终于结束,但却是在千万人在战争中丧生之后才结束。

  三、使用插入语

  插入语,是因为分裂了句子的结构而得名的,所以,这个术语主要是从语*能角度出发提出的,对语法形式没有多大考虑。插入语一般是主谓结构或者介宾结构。使用插入语主要是为了调整语气和增加补充信息,并且更主要目的是为了*衡句子结构,避免头重脚轻。插入语是主谓结构,一般都是“sb say/reason/suggest”这种格式,阅读问题不大,翻译时要提到句首。插入语是介宾结构也是如此处理。定语从句和分词做定语时,如果是插在主谓结构之间也可以看作是插入语。考研翻译中出现最多的插入语是用破折号插入的新话题或者补充信息。这种插入标志很明显,只是翻译处理会有些棘手。另外,因为一些句子成分(一般是定语)过长而出现后置,也可看作是插入现象。只不过这种插入只是句子原有成分间的位子变化,没有新增成分。

  背诵例句:

  1、Science moves forward , they say ,not somuch through the insights of great men of genius as because of more ordinarythings like improved techniques and tools.

  译文:他们说,科学的进步与其说源于天才伟人的真知灼见,不如说源于诸如改进的技术 和工具等更为普通的东西。

  2、Those,unaware of what is happening insociety today may be surprised to learn that few academic philosophers studydeath, happiness and so on.

  译文:那些人不了解当今社会发生的事情,所以发现现在的哲学家很少研究死亡和幸福之类的东西时会感到奇怪。

  3、Most experts see in this aparadox -- an endless conflict between the desire to conform and the desire toremain apart.

  译文:大多数专家都从中看到一种矛盾,即从众的欲望和试图与众不同的欲望之间的绵延不断的冲突。

  4、Even being good at getting other people tofight for you and telling them how to do it most efficiently—this, after all,is what conquerors and generals have done ——is not being civilized.

  译文:即使善于驱使别人去为自己打仗,并且告诉他们怎样打才最有效——这毕竟是征服者和将军们干过的事——也不能称其为文明行为。

  5、Demonstrations are being staged in thetown. where opposition is mounting to the construction of a nuclear waste storage plant near the river.

  译文:这个城市不断发生***,而且这种反对在河边建造核废料储存厂的呼声日高涨。

  四、改变语序

  改变语序,一般指倒装。倒装分为语法倒装和修辞倒装。考研难点一般在修辞倒装。修辞倒装主要是为了强调,一种是强调句子的表达重心,一种是强调一种表达语气,比如命令语气,假设语气(虚拟语气的倒装属于此类)疑问语气和否定语气。这些倒装常和一些连词或者副词(如nor/so/only/never/until等)密切相关。下文所举例子基本是从这个角度出发选择出来的。

  背诵例句:

  1、So involved with the book do the boybecome that his mother often have to force him to break.

  译文:那男孩对这本书如此着迷,以至于他的母亲不得不总强迫他停下。

  2、Only after studies provided evidence ofthe harmful effects of this program, has it been possible to modify TVprogramming policies.

  译文:除非研究提供证据表明这个节目有不良影响,否则电视节目的播放政策不会改变。

  3、Lonely was seeing his son only once amonth since the divorce.

  译文:离婚后,他每月只能看儿子一次。这使他感到孤独。

  4、Scientists do not know exactly how thevirus damages the immune system, nor do they understand why the naturalantibodies developed to destroy the virus are ineffective.

  译文:科学家们迄今未能确定这种病毒破坏免疫系统的机理,他们也不明白旨在破坏这种病毒的天然抗体为什么无效。

  5、And never before has it been so undeniablethat mutually beneficial international institutions of cooperation are a vitalglobal necessity.

  译文:过去人们从来没有这么坚信各国互利的国际合作机构是全球不可或缺的要素。

  6、The material destruction of the war wasnot so great but that it could by this time have been repaired, had a goodpeace been made without delay.

  译文:假若当时立即恢复了和*,战争在物质方面的破坏无论怎样大,到一也能够得到修复了。

  7、He wrote a novel, and no sooner did hehave the synopsis of a story ,but he would invite a crowd of his friends outdoorsand read it aloud to them.

  译文:他写小说时刚刚构思出剧情轮廓就赶紧邀请一群朋友到野外,然后把剧情梗概大声地念给他们听。

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