英语音标讲解及练习

时间：2022-10-31 20:45:05 来源：文池范文网

下面是小编为大家整理的英语音标讲解及练习,供大家参考。

英语音标讲解及练习

　英语音标讲解及练习(总 12 页)

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　26 个英文字母及音标

　A a [ei]

　D d [di:] G g [d3i:] J j [d3ei] M m [em] P p [pi:] S s [es] V v [vi:] Y y [wai]

　B b [bi:]

　C c [si:]

　E e [i:]

　F f [ef]

　H h [eit∫]

　I i [ai]

　K k [kei]

　L l [el]

　N n [en]

　O o [[?u][?u]]

　Q q [kju:]

　R r [ɑ:]

　T t [ti:]

　U u [ju:]

　W w [′d ? blju:] X x [eks]

　Z z [zi:][zed]

　以上我们可以看出,英语字母中有一些含有共同的元音音素.如: 1)含元

　音音素[ei] 字母: Aa

　Kk 音标:

　[ei] [eit∫] [d3ei]

　[kei]

　2) 含元音音素[i:]

　字母: Bb

　Cc Dd Ee Gg

　Pp Tt Vv

　音标: [bi:] [si:] [di:] [i:] [d3i:] [pi:] [ti:] [vi:]

　3) 含元音音素[e]

　字母: Ff Ll Mm Nn Ss Xx

　音标: [ef] [el] [em] [en] [es] [eks] [zed]

　4) 含元音音素[ju:]

　字母: Uu

　音标: [ju:] [kju:] [`d ? blju:]

　5) 含元音音素[ai] 字母: Ii Yy 音标: [ai] [wai]

　英语音标发音表

　英语国际音标共 48 个音素，其中元音音素 20 个，辅音音素 28 个。对于初学者来说，若采用集中教学，要学会 48 个音素的发音并区别开。确实不易。笔者对音标的教学采用了相对集中的方法，即从字母名称教学过渡到部分音标教学。

　元音

　单元音

　双元音

　爆破音

　摩擦音

　辅音

　破擦音

　鼻音舌则音半元音

　国际音标（英语语音）

　前元音中元音后元音开合双元音集中双元音清辅音浊辅音清辅音浊辅音清辅音浊辅音（浊辅音）（浊辅音）（浊辅音）

　[i:] [?] [u:] [ei] [i?] [p] [b] [f] [v] [t?] [d?] [m] [l] [w]

　[i] [?:] [u] [ai] [ε?] [e ?] [t] [d] [s] [z] [tr] [dr] [n] [r] [j]

　[e] [?] [?:] [?i] [u?] [k] [g] [?] [?] [ts] [dz] [?]

　[?] [?] [?u]

　[θ] [e]

　[a:] [au]

　[h]

　英语音标讲解及练习

　英语共有 48 个音标，其中辅音音标 28 个，元音音标 20 个。记

　得我们小学认字的时候就是从拼音开始，英语中的音标就充当了汉

　字中的拼音角色，辅音相当于声母，元音相当于韵母。

　先来看元音音标，里面包括 12 个单元音和 8 个双元音。

　单元音：[i:] [i] [e] [?] [a:] [?] [?:] [?] [u:] [u] [?]

　[?:]

　双元音：[ai] [ei] [i?] [?u] [u?] [au] [e?] [?i]

　辅音音标：分为清辅音和浊辅音，清辅音发音时声带不振动，

　浊辅音发音时声带振动。

　清辅音：[p][t][k][f][s][θ][∫][ts] [t∫][tr][h][l]

　浊辅音：[b][d][g][v][z] [[e]] [[?]] [dz] [[d?][d?]]

　[dr][r][m][n][?][w][j]

　元音 (20 个)

　英语国际标准音标练习

　单元音 12 个

　双元音8 个

　前元音(4 个) 后元音(5 个)

　中元音(3 个)

　合口双元音 (5 个)

　集中双元音 (3 个)

　[i:]

　[ɑ:]

　[[?] ]

　[ei] [[i? ][i? ]]

　[i]

　[[?: ][?: ]] [[?: ][?: ]] [[?u ][?u ]] [[u? ][u? ]]

　[e]

　[[?] ]

　[ai]

　[[?? ][?? ]]

　[[?] ] [u:]

　[au]

　[u]

　[[?i ][?i ]]

　清辅音 (11 个) 辅音 (28 个) 浊辅音 (17 个)

　[p]

　[t]

　[k]

　[f]

　[s]

　[θ ]

　[[? ]]

　[[t? ][t? ]]

　[tr]

　[ts]

　[h]

　[b]

　[d]

　[g]

　[v]

　[z]

　[[e ]]

　[[? ]]

　[[d? ][d? ]]

　[dr]

　[dz]

　[l]

　[m]

　[n]

　[[?] ]

　[j]

　[w]

　[r]

　/i:/ bee/bi:/ feet/fi:t/ keep/ki:p/ key/ki:/ team/ti:m/ meet/mi:t/ /i/ it /it/ big/big/ city/siti/ give/giv/ sick/sik/ /e/ get/get/ best/best/ text/tekst/ help/help/ /?/ fat/f?t/ have/h?v/ cat/k?t/ back/b?k/ hat/h?t/ /a:/ laugh/la:f/ glass/gla:s/ half/ha:f/ farm/fa:m/ park/pa:k/ / ?:/ horse/h?: s/ saw/s?:/ corn/k?:n/ course/k?:s/ salt/s?:t/ / ? / dog/d?g/ pot/p?t/ cost/k?st/ what/w?t/ honest/′?nist/ /u:/ food/fu:d/ moon/mu:n/ rule/ru:l/ loose/lu:s/ noon/nu:n/ /u/ book/buk/ put/put/ good/gud/ would/wud/ could/kud/

　/ ? / must/m?st/ does/d?z/ money/′m?ni/ ugly/′?gli/ come/k?m/ /?:/ nurse/n?:s/ bird/b?:d/ burn/b?:n/ turn/t?:n/ girl/g?:l/ /? / better/bet?/ never/nev?/ worker/w?:k?/ welcome/welk?m/ /ei/ may/mei/ name/neim/ game/geim/ eight/eit/ age/eid?/ /?u/ no/n?u/ home/h?um/ hope/h?up/ wrote/r?ut/ note/n?ut/ pose/p?uz/ /ai/ eye/ai/ time/taim/ buy/bai/ right/rait/ bike/baik/ kite/kait/ /au/ now/nau/ out/aut/ how/hau/ about/ ?′baut/ south/sauθ/ house/haus/ /?i/ boy/b?i/ toy/t?i/ noise/n?iz/ voice/v?is/ point/p?int/ coin/k?in/ /i?/ ear/i?/ near/ni?/ idea/ai′di?/ hear/hi?/ mere/mi?/ spear/spi?/ /ε?/ air/ε?/ tear/tε?/ care/kε?/ dare/dε?/ fair/fε?/ there/eε?/ /u?/ tour/tu?/ poor/pu?/ sure/?u?/ moor/mu?/(停泊) your/ju?/

　/p/ pea/pi:/ pie/pai/ top/t?p/ cap/k?p/ people/pi:pl/ pride/praid/ /b/ bee/bi:/ by/bai/ buy/bai/ black/bl?k/ bear/bε?/ /t/ let/let/ sat/s?t/ feet/fi:t/ team/ti:m/ tide/taid/ /d/ led/led/ sad/s?d/ feed/fi:d/ do/du:/ dear/di?/ /k/ lack/l?k/ take/teik/ clock/kl?k/ class/kla:s/ weekend/′wi:kend/ /g/ big/big/ lag/l?g/ glass/gla:s/ gum/g?m/ good/gud/ guest/gest/ /f/ face/feis/ fast/fa:st/ leaf/li:f/ surf/s?:f/ favorite/′feiv?rit/ /v/ very/′veri/ five/faiv/ fever/′fi:v?/ serve/s?:v/ never/′nev?/ /θ/ bath/ba:θ/(v 洗澡) thick/θik/ mouth/mauθ/

　breath/breθ/(n 呼吸) thought/θ?:t/ author/′?θ?/ truth/tru:θ/ /e/ the/ e?/ they/eei/ that/e?t/ mother/′m?e?/ thus/ e?s/ then/een/ /s/ face/feis/ mouse/maus/ cakes/keiks/ caps/k?ps/ likes/laiks/ stops/st?ps/ /z/ close/kl?uz/ keys/ki:z/ boys/b?iz/ pens/penz/ halves/ha:vz/

　/t?/ catch/k?t?/ cheap/t?i:p/ rich/rit?/ watch/w?t?/ child/t?aild/ question/kwest??n/ teach/ti:t?/ challenge/t??lind?/

　/d?/ orange/′?rid?/ large/la:d?/ juice/d?u:s/ job/d??b/

　/tr/ tree/tri:/ try/trai/ true/tru:/ trouble/tr?bl/ track/tr?k/ /dr/ dry/drai/ dream/dri:m/ dress/dres/ drink/dri?k/ hundred/′h?ndrid/ /?/ she/?i:/ sharp/?a:p/ fish/fi?/ shock/??k/ shoe/?u:/ /?/ pleasure/′ple??/ measure/′me??/ television/′telivi??n/ /ts/ let′s/lets/ sports/sp?:ts/ puts/puts/ writes/raits/ seats/si:ts/ /dz/ hands/h?ndz/ birds/b?:dz/ friends/freindz/ beds/bedz/ stands/st?ndz/ /h/ he/ hi:/ hard/ha:d/ him/him/ heard/h?:d/ half/ha:f/ /l/ like/laik/ late/leit/ learn/l?:n/ lead/li:d/ light/lait/

　/m/ my/mai/ more/m?:/ seem/si:m/ meat/mi:t/ mind/maind/ men/men/ /n/ nice/nais/ wind/waind/ mind/maind/ rain/rein/ fine/fain/ /?/ sing/si?/ wing/wi?/ ring/ri?/ long/l??/ beautiful/bju:t?fl/ /j/ you/ju:/ few/fju:/ yard/ja:d/ music/′mju:zik/

　student/′stju:dnt/ excuse/ik′skju:z/ /w/ work/w?:k/ way/wei/ well/wel/ what/w?t/

　twelve/twelv/ twin/twin/ /r/ red/red/ road/r?ud/ write/rait/ wrong/r??/

　problem/′pr?bl?m/ 音标综合练习 1./i:/ /i/ /e/ /?/

　/bit/ /wi:k/ /di:l/ /ri?l/ /kid/ /dig/ /kwik/ /tip/ /zip/ /rid/ /wil/ /fil/

　bit week deal real kid dig quick tip zip rid will fill /pet/ /p?k/ /g?p/ /k?g/ /n?g/ /r?m/ /b?tl/ /sed/ /′h?pi/ /ten/ /red/

　pet pack gap cap nag ram battle said happy ten red

　/′setl/ /tr??/ /di′pend/ settle trash depend 2./a:/ / ?:/ / ? / /u:/ /u/ /a:sk/ /ma:sk/ /pa:st/ /fra:ns/ /?d/ /l?:n/ /n?:t/ /p?:z/ /f?ks/ /s?k/

　ask mask past France odd lawn naught pause fox sock /fa:/ /la:d? / /ma:k/ /l?:d/ /t?:/ /st?:m/ /p?t/ /kr?p/ /θ?t/ /pr?mis/ far large mark Lord torch storm pot crop thought promise /huk/ /lu:s/ /sut/ /tuk/ /mud/ /θru:/ /pul/ /wud/ hook loose soot took mood through pull wood 3./?/ /?/ /?/ /b?z/ /d?l/ /′h?ri/ /g?lf/ /′tr?bl/ /?:n/ /s?:f/ /′t?:n?/ /′beg?/ /t?k/ buss dull hurry gulf trouble earn surf turner beggar tuck /k?:b/ /?:k/ /?′merik / /′s?k?/ /′k?mp?/ /s?′vei/ /p?′veid/ /p?′h?ps/

　curb irk America soccer camper survey

　pervade perhaps

　/b?:′lesk/ /′m?:d?/

　burlesque murder

　3./ei/ /?u/ /ai/ /au/ /?i/

　/keip/ /greit/ /mein/ /pr?p?uz/ /′m?u??n/

　/st?un/ /′?uv?/ /sait/

　cape great main propose motion stone

　over sight

　/raim/ /daut/ /′taipist/ /aust/ /m?ist/

　/′?ist?/

　rhyme doubt typist